1）

采用微纳光学结构探测光子轨道角动量

Detection of photonic orbital angular momentum with micro- and nano-optical structures

Chenhao WAN, Guanghao RUI, Jian CHEN, Qiwen ZHAN

Front. Optoelectron.. 2019, 12 (1): 88-96.

Abstract

Light with an optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) has attracted an increasing amount of interest and has found its way into many disciplines ranging from optical trapping, edge-enhanced microscopy, high-speed optical communication, and secure quantum teleportation to spin-orbital coupling. In a variety of OAM-involved applications, it is crucial to discern different OAM states with high fidelity. In the current paper, we review the latest research progress on OAM detection with micro- and nano-optical structures that are based on plasmonics, photonic integrated circuits (PICs), and liquid crystal devices. These innovative OAM sorters are promising to ultimately achieve the miniaturization and integration of high-fidelity OAM detectors and inspire numerous applications that harness the intriguing properties of the twisted light.

具有光学轨道角动量（OAM）的光波引起了越来越多的研究兴趣，目前它已经进入了从光捕获、边缘增强显微成像、高速光通信和安全的量子隐形传态到自旋-轨道耦合等诸多研究领域。在OAM相关的应用中，以极高的准确度识别出不同的OAM态是至关重要的。本文中，我们回顾了基于表面等离子体、光子集成回路和液晶的微纳光学结构实现OAM探测方面的最新研究进展，这些新型的OAM分类器有望最终实现微型化、集成化的高保真OAM探测，并引发利用结构光神奇特性的各种应用。

2）

激光直接制造技术用于二维材料功能器件的制作

Two-dimensional material functional devices enabled by direct laser fabrication

Tieshan YANG, Han LIN, Baohua JIA

Front. Optoelectron., 2018, 11 (1): 2-22.

Abstract

在过去的十年里，原子厚度的二维层状材料的基本特性和实际应用引起了极大的研究兴趣，这是因为二维材料与体材料相比具有独特的机械、热学、电学和光学特性。研究人员已开发出各种用于制作二维材料微纳结构的工艺技术，例如出软光刻、丝网印刷、胶体模板和化学/干法刻蚀等。激光直接制造技术由于具有独特的三维加工、任意形状设计能力以及远远超过光学衍射极限的几十纳米的加工精度，在二维材料微纳结构的制作方面已经得到广泛的研究和应用。本篇综述适时地总结了二维材料中激光与物质的相互作用和面向多种功能化光子器件、光电子器件和电化学储能器件的激光辅助二维材料制备技术的重要进展，同时讨论了设计和改进激光加工二维材料器件的前景和挑战。

During the past decades, atomically thin, two-dimensional (2D) layered materials have attracted tremendous research interest on both fundamental properties and practical applications because of their extraordinary mechanical, thermal, electrical and optical properties, which are distinct from their counterparts in the bulk format. Various fabrication methods, such as soft-lithography, screen-printing, colloidal-templating and chemical/dry etching have been developed to fabricate micro/nanostructures in 2D materials. Direct laser fabrication with the advantages of unique three-dimensional (3D) processing capability, arbitrary-shape designability and high fabrication accuracy up to tens of nanometers, which is far beyond the optical diffraction limit, has been widely studied and applied in the fabrication of various micro/nanostructures of 2D materials for functional devices. This timely review summarizes the laser-matter interaction on 2D materials and the significant advances on laser-assisted 2D materials fabrication toward diverse functional photonics, optoelectronics, and electrochemical energy storage devices. The perspectives and challenges in designing and improving laser fabricated 2D materials devices are discussed as well.

3）

偶极子-光纤系统：从单光子源到超器件

Dipole-fiber system: from single photon source to metadevices

Shaghik ATAKARAMIANS, Tanya M. MONRO, Shahraam AFSHAR V.

Front. Optoelectron., 2018, 11 (1): 30-36.

Abstract

由于新应用和技术进步的出现，光学结构附近电偶极子（量子发射体）的辐射引起了极大的研究兴趣，本文回顾了我们在电偶极子和光纤系统的导模和辐射模，及其在单光子源到超器件中的应用方面的近期研究进展。我们不仅验证了偶极子的相对位置和取向，以及光纤的芯径是耦合系统的关键决定性参数，还验证了该耦合系统在纳米光子学中的广泛应用，如：单光子源，高品质因子传感器和构成超器件的基本要素。

Radiation of an electric dipole (quantum emitter) in vicinity of optical structures still attracts great interest due to emerging of novel application and technological advances. Here we review our recent work on guided and radiation modes of electric dipole and optical fiber system and its applications from single photon source to metadevices. We demonstrate that the relative position and orientation of the dipole and the core diameter of the optical fiber are the two key defining factors of the coupled system application. We demonstrate that such a coupled system has a vast span of applications in nanophotonics; a single photon source, a high-quality factor sensor and the building block of metadevices.

4）

纵向孪晶α-In₂Se₃纳米线用于高灵敏度紫外-可见-近红外探测器

Longitudinal twinning α-In₂Se₃ nanowires for UV-visible-NIR photodetectors with high sensitivity

Zidong ZHANG, Juehan YANG, Fuhong MEI, Guozhen SHEN

Front. Optoelectron., 2018, 11 (3): 245-255.

Abstract

我们合成了孪晶面的纵向孪晶α-In2Se3纳米线，用于制作高性能单纳米线光探测器。合成的α-In2Se3纳米线显示出典型的n型半导体特性，具有23.1 cm2·V−1·S−1 的电子迁移率和300-1100nm的宽光谱响应，覆盖紫外-可见-近红外(UV-visible-NIR)波段。此外，所制作的光探测器显示了的高达8.57 × 105 A·W−1的响应度和8.8 × 107%的外量子效率，在3V偏压和600nm光照下，探测率为1.58 × 1012 Jones，远高于以前报道的In2Se3纳米结构，这归因于孪晶面的界面缺陷效应。研究结果表明了纵向孪晶α-In2Se3纳米线进一步应用于高性能宽带探测器及其他光电子器件的巨大潜力。

Longitudinal twinning α-In2Se3 nanowires with the twin plane were synthesized to fabricate high performance single nanowire based photodetectors. As-synthesized α-In2Se3 nanowire exhibited typical n-type semiconducting behavior with an electron mobility of 23.1 cm2·V−1·S−1 and a broadband spectral response from 300 to 1100 nm, covering the ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared (UV-visible-NIR) region. Besides, the fabricated device showed a high responsivity of 8.57 × 105 A·W−1, high external quantum efficiency up to 8.8 × 107% and a high detectivity of 1.58 × 1012 Jones under 600 nm light illumination at a basis of 3 V, which are much higher than previously reported In2Se3 nanostructures due to the interface defect effect of the twin plane. The results indicated that the longitudinal twinning α-In2Se3 nanowires have immense potential for further applications in highly performance broadband photodetectors and other optoelectronic devices.

5）

发光无序纳米结构：CdSe纳米团聚体的合成与表征

Luminescent disordered nanostructures: synthesis and characterization of CdSe nano-agglomerates

Ruiqing HU, Yifeng SHI, Haifeng BAO

Front. Optoelectron., 2018, 11 (4): 385-393.

Abstract

我们在水溶液中合成了发射谱可调的一种无序纳米结构的CdSe纳米团聚体，尽管所合成的CdSe纳米团聚体直径约为20nm，大于体晶体的波尔半径，它们仍然显示出与CdSe纳米晶体类似的与尺寸相关的发射现象，CdSe纳米团聚体反映出基于Anderson局域的集体能态。

A disorderly nanostructured CdSe nano-agglomerates (NAs) with tunable emission are synthesized in aqueous solution. Although the CdSe NAs have diameters of about 20 nm that are larger than the Bohr radius of the crystal bulk, they show size-dependent emission similar to the CdSe nanocrystals. The CdSe NAs represent a collective energy state based on Anderson localization.

6）

具有增强光电化学水分解行为的BiOI/WO3光电阳极

BiOI/WO3 photoanode with enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting activity

Weina SHI, Xiaowei LV, Yan SHEN

Front. Optoelectron., 2018, 11 (4): 367-374.

Abstract

本文报道了一种新型的BiOI/WO₃复合光电阳极，它是通过电沉积方法将BiOI沉积到WO₃纳米薄片上制成的。我们研究了可见光照射下BiOI/WO₃电极用于水分解的光电化学行为，结果表明，在1.23V电压下，BiOI/WO₃光电阳极获得了1.21 mA·cm⁻²的光电流密度，高于可逆氢电极的情况，而后者又高于纯WO₃纳米薄片电极的情况（0.67 mA·cm⁻²）。用于水分解的BiOI/WO₃电极所具有的增强光电化学行为归因于其光吸收范围的扩展和便于光生载流子的分离。

This work reports on a novel BiOI/WO₃ composite photoanode, which was fabricated by depositing BiOI onto a WO₃ nanoflake electrode through a electrodeposition method. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) activity of the BiOI/WO₃ electrode for water splitting under visible-light irradiation was evaluated. The results show that the BiOI/WO₃ photoanode achieved a photocurrent density of 1.21 mA·cm⁻² at 1.23 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), which was higher than that of the bare WO₃ nanoflake electrode (0.67 mA·cm⁻²). The enhanced PEC acticity of BiOI/WO₃ for water splitting can be attributed to the expansion of light absorption range as well as the facilitated separation of photo-generated carriers.

7）

ZnO/Nb₂O₅ 核壳纳米棒阵列光电阳极用于染料敏化太阳能电池

ZnO/Nb₂O₅ core/shell nanorod array photoanode for dye-sensitized solar cells

Xiaoyan HU, Heng WANG

Front. Optoelectron., 2018, 11 (3): 285-290.

Abstract

本文中，我们合成了ZnO/Nb₂O₅ 核壳纳米棒阵列并将其用于染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSC）的光电阳极。我们首先采用水热法在掺氟氧化锡(FTO)玻璃上合成了ZnO纳米棒阵列，然后在NbCl₅溶液中通过溶剂热反应直接制备了ZnO/Nb₂O₅ 核壳纳米棒阵列。扫描电镜和透射电镜图像显示ZnO纳米棒均匀地包裹了30-40nm的Nb₂O₅壳层，光伏特性测试结果表明基于ZnO/Nb₂O₅ 核壳纳米棒光电阳极的器件效率提高至1.995%，远高于纯纳米棒光电阳极DSSC 0.856%的效率。这一结果证明包裹Nb₂O₅壳层可以改善ZnO纳米棒的光伏特性。

In this paper, ZnO/Nb₂O₅ core/shell nanorod arrays were synthesized and used as photoanodes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). We first synthesized ZnO nanorod array on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glasses by a hydrothermal method, and then ZnO/Nb₂O₅ core/shell nanorod array was directly obtained via solvothermal reaction in NbCl₅ solution. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) images revealed that the ZnO nanorods were uniformly wrapped by Nb₂O₅ shell layers with a thickness of 30–40 nm. Photovoltaic characterization showed that the device based on ZnO/Nb₂O₅ core/shell nanorod photoanode exhibited an improved efficiency of 1.995%, which was much higher than the efficiency of 0.856% for the DSSC based on bare ZnO nanorod photoanode. This proved that the photovoltaic performance of ZnO nanorods could be improved by wrapping with Nb₂O₅ shells.